When Mariner 9 lifted off from Cape Canaveral on May 30, 1971, it entered a race to the Red Planet with two Soviet spacecraft. Mars 3 had launched just two days before Mariner 9… Mariner 9 launch aboard an Atlas Centaur rocket, May On November 14, 1971, U.S. spacecraft Mariner 9 was the first spacecraft to orbit another planet – only narrowly beating the Soviets’s Mars 2 and Mars 3, which both arrived within a month. Mariner 9 was launched successfully on May 30, 1971, and became the first artificial satellite of Mars when it arrived and went into orbit, where it functioned in Martian orbit for nearly a year.

Two hundred and sixty-five seconds after launch, the Mariner 8 spacecraft’s upper stage started to oscillate and tumble out of control. Mariner 9 complete its final transmission October 27, 1972. NASA scientists waited a few months until the dust subsided to see what was below. But Mariner 9 was an orbital mission.

4, Issue 9 . November 29, 2011 Vol. Get the latest updates on NASA missions, watch NASA TV live, and learn about our quest to reveal the unknown and benefit all humankind. At that time, there was a great global dust storm on Mars that obscured Mariner's view of the surface. Mariner 9 gave researchers the first up-close look at some of Mars’ features, like the Martian volcanoes, Valles Marineris, Mars’ polar caps, and its two small moons, Phobos and Deimos. Mariner 9 was launched May 30, 1971.

Forty years ago this month, Mariner 9 became the first mission to orbit another planet. Mariner 9 Successful Mars orbiter (NASA) Launch: May 30, 1971 Mars arrival: November 14, 1971. On May 30th, 1971, NASA launched Mariner 9, whose mission was to navigate around Mars to finish the atmospheric studies started by the earlier Mariner probe missions. Mariner 1: Attempted Venus flyby, 1962, destroyed shortly after launch when vehicle veered off course. The Mariner 9 spacecraft and the Mariner 9 launch on May 30, 1971 . Mariner 9 combined mission objectives of both Mariner 8 (mapping 70 % of the Martian surface) and Mariner 9 (a study of temporal changes in the Martian atmosphere and on the Martian surface). ; Mariner 4: Mars flyby, 1964-1965. Abstract. Unfortunately, Mariner 8 failed during launch on May 8, 1971. Mariner 9 was the first spacecraft to go into orbit around another planet. ; Mariner 2: Venus flyby, 1962.; Mariner 2 history: Mariner-Venus 1962 Final Project Report (NASA SP-59, 1965) Mariner 3: Attempted Mars flyby, 1964, transmissions ceased 9 hours after launch, spacecraft entered solar orbit. Mariner 9 was planned to consist of two spacecraft to orbit Mars on complementary missions, but due to the failure of Mariner 8 to launch properly, only one spacecraft was available. Not only was it the first spacecraft to orbit another planet, the mission resulted in the global mapping of Mars. Mariner 9 marked a huge milestone. NASA.gov brings you the latest images, videos and news from America's space agency. The Launch of Mariner 9, May 30, 1971. A Martian dust storm, which had started in late September 1971, had grown to cover the entire planet. This obscured vision would have spelled disaster for scientists if the spacecraft had been yet another flyby. However, excitement for its arrival was subdued by a dark cloud -- literally. The Mariner Mars 1971 Project, a follow-on to the earlier Mariners to Mars, utilized the very favorable 1971 Martian opportunity to put a spacecraft, Mariner 9, into orbit around Mars to provide high-resolution contiguous coverage (mapping) and time-variant (variable features) observations of the planet. One such mission kicked off on this day in 1971.

On November 13 it went into orbit around Mars. NASA.

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