In the next post, we’ll then use those tests to scaffold some exception handling that’s missing from our classes right now. By convention your test projects should reside in a subfolder, test, of the root folder. So in our tests, we'll build an OpenWeatherService with the API response that we expect, then build the controller with that. This allows us to write xUnit tests, focusing on endpoints in a ASP.NET Core Web API application. If we look at a "normal" integration test we'd write on a more or less real-world project, its code would look something like: 1. So, if you want to make a flexible, environment-specific test that you can run locally and then your CI server can run within its environment and your deployment can run a post-deployment check to ensure everything works in production, you need to find a different way. With the service instantiated, we'll call GetFiveDayForecastAsync. Right click on Solution > Add > New Project Go to Installed > Visual C# > Test > xUnit Test Project (.NET Core) Set the name for project as WideWorldImporters.API.UnitTests Click OK Manage references for WideWorldImporters.API.UnitTests project: Now add a reference for WideWorldImporters.API project: The protocol and domain and base route of the API are not hard-coded. That way is environment variables, which you can read in your tests (and set in your CI/CD scripts). We will mock it using the Moq library: The handler has a method called SendAsync that is called to send the request, so we will use Moq to set up the response that we want: With our fake message handler, we’ll create a real HttpClient object: And then we’ll create a mock IHttpClientFactory that returns our HttpClient. Here are some of the reasons why you would need to use xUnit over other Unit testing frameworks. This one is going to be more involved. You may also need to update your global.jsonto account for this: There are multiple ways to create a new project but all that is required is a project.json in your project folder, which you can create using dotnet new. If you are unfamiliar with test concepts and/or xUnit, check the Unit testing C# in .NET Core using dotnet test and xUnit. xUnit is a free, open-source, testing tool for .NET which developers use to write tests for their applications. But, let’s test those validation rules and make sure that everything works as expected. 200, 400, 401. But if I want to run the script from the root of my GitHub repository, or from my test project folder, that's obviously a problem. These aren't always easy tasks in all environments, especially during automated builds, but unfortunately they're outside the scope of this article. Otherwise, running $ dotnet test from the command line will suffice for this tutorial. You can either add the files via command line or scaffold a class with the IDE you’re using: We’ll also create an Infrastructure directory for any fixtures or utilities needed to support the test classes: Lastly, the fake example test can be removed: The OpenWeatherService will be the trickier class to test because it creates an HttpClient object to make calls to a third-party API. Then, paste the following code which will create the canned responses for our mock HTTP factory to return: Now that we can control the response we get when pretending to call the OpenWeatherMap API, we’ll set up some tests to describe the OpenWeatherService. One challenge with scripting the running of ASP.NET Core apps is that by default they expect you to call dotnet run from the project root. First use ASP.NET Core API template to build an application. it may be popular according to a very small survey, but it is … In order to run your integration tests, you will need to add a test project to your solution. However, that's not how xUnit works. You then need to add a dependency to the project und… Finally, we come to the point when we need to create a new project where our tests are going to be. If you are unfamiliar with test concepts and/or xUnit, check the Unit testing C# in .NET Core using dotnet test and xUnit. The dotnet CLI contains a template for adding a xUnit test project, as well as templates for the nUnit and MSTest libraries. Testing Secure Live API Endpoints with xUnit and IdentityServer Ok, so testing a public health check API is pretty simple - what about a secured API endpoint, where you first need to get a token and then you need to present the token during subsequent API calls? I’ve read lots of opinions on software testing from engineers much more experienced than me — from strictly adhering to test-driven development to strategies that might be more pragmatic. Net core. If we make a change to the OpenWeatherService that could break the WeatherForecastController, we wouldn't know it if we were mocking the service in these tests. We expect it to return a list of WeatherForecast objects. We will write at least 3 different Unit Test Cases for 3 different scenarios. Build inputs 4. To assist in mocking the objects, we’ll add a very common Nuget package called Moq: In Infrastructure, create a ClientBuilder.cs class, also a static class. In the test class, we inject the factory into the constructor. However, xUnit earns points over other frameworks as it has addressed some shortcomings and mistakes of its predecessors. By now, our application is a minimally functional web API that organizes and returns weather data from a location. To that end, I started from an IdentityServer sample that Brock built which you can find here. Having a solutionmakes it easier to manage both the class library and the unit test project.Inside the solution directory, create a PrimeService directory. In this video, I will be doing integration testing for the ASP.Net Core Web API application. I wrote about this first here. Create sample project. In the next tutorial, we’ll start a TDD process for adding exception handling functionality to the controller and service methods. Our WeatherForecastController requires an ILogger in the constructor. xunit - 2.2.0-beta2-build3300; dotnet-test-xunit - 2.2.0-preview2-build1029; Microsoft.NETCore.App and Microsoft.AspNetCore.TestHost - 1.0.0; Creating an integration test project. Fortunately, you can use this script to accomplish the task in a Windows cmd prompt: The above script runs from the root of my GitHub repository, so if you clone or download the repo and run it (on Windows) it should work. This article will teach you how to use xUnit to ASP.NET The core application does unit testing. Luckily, the Microsoft.Extensions.Logging library that it the interface comes from also has a class called NullLogger that lets us just pass in an empty logger since logging has nothing to do with the functionality that we're testing. I will be using TestServer from the ASP.Net Core Web API testing infrastructure and XUnit for testing framework. The API is protected using JWT Bearer token authorization, and the API uses a secure token server to validate the API requests. It's important that the test be able to have the API's location passed into it. In the future, we'll need to update this method to handle any errors that get returned from the API, but for now the test will just describe what the method is supposed to do. So here’s a strategy for describing and testing the OpenWeatherService: In the Infrastructure directory, add a class called OptionsBuilder.cs. It could be deployed in Azure or AWS or anywhere else for that matter. Conveniently for us, there is a xUnit testing project template out-of-the-box when using visual studio 2019, so we are going to make use of that. Line 14 calls the Add method in our repository passing in the person. When you add a new xUnit test project, you should get a simple test class (UnitTest1) with an empty test method (Test1). I'm using .Net Core with xUnit and the Moq framework, and I'm more or less following instructions from their documentation.I'm trying to test route api/user to get all users, and the issue was on asserting that the response was an ObjectResult containing >. In this demonstration, we will not implement CRUD operation in Asp.Net Core Web API … Integration tests are a great way to test infrastructure connectivity of various components of a solution such as testing request/response to your Web API, against external systems such as databases file systems etc.. Why am I choosing to use xUnit.net as my test framework ASP.NET Core uses it internally to test the product. In this post, we will use xUnit to test how a service handles calls to a third-party API, then how a controller responds to a successful response. In the past, I might have used a Visual Studio Web Test for this purpose, but Microsoft is dropping support for these (particularly in the cloud) so I needed a new solution. Fortunately, .NET core has excellent support for MS Test. Again, this requires the auth server endpoint to be running when you run the test: Now that you have the code to get a token using a known good user/password, building a real API endpoint test is pretty straightforward: You may want to be able to launch the web server and run the tests from a command prompt without having to do any manual work. xUnit is an important framework for testing ASP.NET Core applications - for testing Action methods, MVC controllers and API Controllers. Written by the original inventor of NUnit v2, xUnit.net is the latest technology for unit testing C#, F#, VB.NET and other.NET languages. Verify direct outputs 6. I am used to using xUnit as testing tool, so this article uses xUnit. xUnit.net works with ReSharper, CodeRush, TestDriven.NET and Xamarin. When we scaffolded the xUnit test project, SpeedConverter.Tests, included for us is an example unit test testing class called UnitTest1.cs. The last piece of infrastructure we’ll need is a static class that can return some canned responses that sort of look like the responses that would come back from the OpenWeatherMap API. This article will demonstrate how to write Unit Test Cases for CRUD operations in Asp.Net Core Web API with xUnit project. var handler = new Mock(); var client = new HttpClient(handler.Object); private static StringContent BuildOkResponse(), private static StringContent BuildUnauthorizedResponse(), private static StringContent BuildNotFoundResponse(), private static StringContent BuildInternalErrorResponse(), $ touch ./Tests/Services_Tests/OpenWeatherService_Tests.cs, namespace WeatherWalkingSkeleton.Services. It might be running locally, or it could be in a local container or Kubernetes cluster with its own IP address or local domain. I modified it slightly and added tests to it and you can find my code for testing live API endpoints using xUnit here. Create sample project. var opts = OptionsBuilder.OpenWeatherConfig(); var result = await sut.Get("Chicago") as OkObjectResult; Assert.IsType>(result.Value); namespace WeatherWalkingSkeleton.Tests.Controllers_Tests, https://localhost:5001/weatherforecast?location=detroit, How to mock HttpClient in your .NET / C# unit tests, Choosing the right diagrams to tell your story, Flutter: Internationalization & Switching Locales Manually, DeepLab Image Segmentation on Android with Tf Lite — part 2. In addition to the API base URL, once you add auth into the mix you're likely to also need to pass in the base URL for your identity server or STS instance. If you’re just here for a walkthrough of testing with xUnit, then you can: … and in another terminal, make a request to make sure a result comes out: If you get what looks like an array of weather forecasts, then you are good to go. However, sometimes it's worthwhile to be able to test actual, live API endpoints. I use it to unit test my Document Controller WPF application (.NET Framework 4.6.1) and in this project, the AutoMapper is heavily used to map domain models to view models. The packages includes a WebApplicationFactory class which is used to bootstrap the API in memory. Conveniently for us, there is a xUnit testing project template out-of-the-box when using visual studio 2017, so we are going to make use of that.The xUnit is an open-source unit testing tool for the .NET framework that simplifies the testing process and allows us to spend more time focusing on writing our tests:Now we have a new project in our solution named web-api-tests. It follows more community focus to being expand. This article will demonstrate how to write Unit Test Cases for CRUD operations in Asp.Net Core Web API with xUnit project. Afterwards, do a search for "xUnit" and click on "xUnit Test Project (.NET Core)". So, it is similar to the [Fact] attribute, be… Lines 6-12 creates a repository and a person with no email address. If you found this helpful, consider helping others find it by retweeting it using the tweet below, along with your own comment. In this demonstration, we will not implement CRUD operation in Asp.Net Core Web API … What is xUnit. In this post I will focus on unit testing business logic for ASP.Net Core Web API application. Unit testing ASP.Net Core Web API using XUnit for testing framework and Moq for mocking objects. This test class should be a public class and the test method should be decorated with a [Fact] attribute. I am used to using xUnit as testing tool, so this article uses xUnit. xUnit is the name of a collection of testing frameworks that became very popular among software developers. Since it's a private method, we can't test it in isolation, but since we know that GetFiveDayForecastAsync depends on it, any failures from the private method will be indicated when testing the public method. xUnit is a unit testing framework which supports .NET Core . In this demonstration, we will write the Unit Test Cases for CRUD (CREATE, READ, UPDATE and DELETE) operations. Steve is an experienced software architect and trainer, focusing on code quality and Domain-Driven Design with .NET. In this blog post, I will be covering integration testing of ASP.Net Core Web API application. There are three different test frameworks for Unit Testing supported by ASP.NET Core: MSTest, xUnit, and NUnit; that allow us to test our code in a consistent way. In order to run your integration tests, you will need to add a test project to your solution. And add the API key to the secrets store for this project: Test that the web API is working properly up to now: Write tests to describe the classes’ current functionality. Running the RunAndTest.bat file should produce something like this: That's all you need to write tests that consume live API endpoints, wherever they're running. It kindly already includes a test method, decorated with [Fact] , a method attribute that's part of the xUnit testing library. This is to establish a pattern of tests that describe the code, and as the application grows in complexity, we'll be sure new changes won't break prior functionality. Verify side effects One very simple example looks something like: We're trying to test "editing", but we're doing it through the commands actually used by the application. As you unit test your controller actions, make sure you focus only on their behavior. Subscribe: http://bit.ly/ChapsasSubSupport me on GitHub: http://bit.ly/ChapsSupportThe giveaway is now over. If you just want to test this out locally, you just need to make sure you launch the web app before you run the tests (if you expect them to pass). the XUnit is an open souce test framework and main focus of this framework are extensibility and flexibility. var result = await sut.GetFiveDayForecastAsync("Chicago"); Assert.IsType>(result); Assert.Equal(new DateTime(1594155600), result[0].Date); $ touch ./Tests/Services_Tests/WeatherForecastController_Tests.cs. authored the original docs on writing integration tests in ASP.NET Core, an IdentityServer sample that Brock built which you can find here, my code for testing live API endpoints using xUnit here, runs from the root of my GitHub repository, Download the GitHub sample associated with this article here, Avoid Wrapping DbContext in Using (and other gotchas), The test is async. Set up data through the back door 2. It is essentially a testing framework which provides a set of attributes and methods we can use to write the test code for our applications. We used this to evaluate successful responses from our service, then to evaluate the same responses in the controller that consumes the service. We will write at least 3 different Unit Test Cases for 3 … If you do some research into this, you'll find that xUnit specifically doesn't allow things like passing inputs in via command line arguments. From this tutorial, we were able to install a test library for an ASP.NET Core WebApi project. The code to do so might look like this: We might be targeting an API that could be running in any number of locations. Here are the methods: Note that the [Fact] annotation allows a test explorer to find and run any test methods. Set up data through the front door 3. Before we do anything else, we need to make sure that we reference any projects that we are testing in our xUnit project. [Theory] – attribute implies that we are going to send some parameters to our testing code. xUnit is the name of a collection of testing frameworks that became very popular among software developers. Compared to other unit testing frameworks, it stands out with its ease of development and its approach to behaviors like SetUp, TearDown, OneTimeSetup . xUnit is an open-source unit testing tool for the .Net Framework and offers .NET Core support. This article will demonstrate how to write Unit Test Cases for CRUD operations in Asp.Net Core Web API with xUnit project. Testing is the most important process for any software application. Even stranger, if they run the test individually, it runs fine; it's only when they use "Run All" that the test does not appear to run. So, if your system is an API, an E2E test is a test that verifies that the API is correct. If the resource is called without a valid city name, we get a 404 status with “city not found”.