5. The Division of Reclamation and Reforestation takes charge of the reforestation and afforestation of open or grass lands as well as of denuded and loggedover areas which, after classification, are found to be better fitted for forest use than for agriculture or grazing. The Director of Forestry must publicly announce through written notices posted at appropriate public places that certain forests are open for applications. White teak Gmelina arborea wood is If molave and ipil are not available , yakal is used as posts. ft.) of logs shipped to Manila, representing a value of P44,804,383 in trade. Investment in sawmills and logging equipment is P38,094,705. Conditions for the cutting, collecting, and removing of forest products are specified and the public is invited to submit sealed bids. Studies of the growth of Philippine forests show that the annual volume growth averages about 1.5 percent. on the amount of forest products harvested, and on areas granted, as well as the answering of queries as to location and occupation of public forests, and procedure for securing licenses also fall under the work of this division. Office of the Director. Illegal clearings to alleviate the food shortage destroyed valuable forests. Although this industry has gone far in rehabilitating itself, still more constructive organization is needed if it is to contribute fully to the reconstruction of the country as a whole and to help supply the rest of the world with lumber and forest products. This wood is water resistant, even from sea water. Another type of high-density-fiberboard, MDL, has a core similar to MDF, but instead of wood veneer, it has a tough plastic material glued to both sides. Before the practice became widespread of setting house posts on a concrete or stone foundation, ipil was one of the few woods that withstood the ravages of decay and termites. Marine plywood is not pressure-treated to resist decay, like pressure-treated lumber and plywood. ft.) in logs or lumber. Of these, 568 licenses were for rattan and 471 licenses for firewood, and the remainder for resins, nipa, vines, etc. All export lumber or timber must pass government inspection, using the Philippine grading rules or the National Hardwood Lumber Association grading rules of the United States. Not suitable for outdoor use. Available locally, redwood may be one of your best bets for a reasonably priced option easily available here. Bangkirai wood is difficult to treat. The lauans, or "Philippine mahogany," are the softer members of the dipterocarp family. In all there are 144 forest stations in the Philippines, each under a qualified ranger graduate of the School of Forestry. ft.). Sapwood - the living wood in the tree through which the raw sap rises from the roots to the leaves. ft.) (mostly cedar) from the United States, valued at P340,018; plywood, 324,000 m2 (3,492,000 sq. Of the 342 sawmills established as of 30 June 1948, 312 are actually operating. Quora is a great platform for consumers to connect and seek legitimate answers before they make a decision or a purchase. This earmarked fund will ensure the continuity of reforestation and afforestation work. This is the dead part of the tree that nevertheless provides structural strength. Forest Reconnaissance and Land Classification2. Wood extractions are tumor-inhibiting. A number of field experts from FAO and the United States have been sent to help in Philippine rehabilitation. Seventy-five percent of the stand consists of dipterocarps, commonly called lauan, to which "Philippine mahogany" belongs. Its leaves are used for thatch, its sap for the manufacture of vinegar, alcohol, wine, and sugar. Bangkirai is the Indonesian name for Yakal. The Makiling National Park was the first park proclaimed, 23 February 1933; it covers an area of 5,909 hectares. Under the Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines, ownership of natural resources, including forests, rests with the State. NAME: Cladocalyx (Eucalyptus) Scientific Name: Eucalyptus cladocalyx. The hardest and strongest member of the lauan family is yakal. These sawmills have an aggregate daily capacity of 5,220 m3 (s) (2,212,000 bd. There are more than five million hectares of open and grass lands. Among the most important are firewood, charcoal, palm products, cutch and tanbarks, fibers, resins, gums, oils, rubber and gutta-percha, beeswax, and medicinal plants. Land classification proceeds as quickly as the funds available permit, in order to provide settlers with agricultural lands, thereby accelerating the economic rehabilitation of the Philippines as a whole. While the number of these sawmills exceeds that existing before the war, they are smaller mills. Game & Wildlife, 1. To ensure natural reproduction and as a means of regulating the cut on permanent timberlands, diameter limits have been adopted, below which no cut is allowed. Beach type. (1), Red lauan, Shorea negrosensis; (2) Tangile, Shorea polysperma; (3) Mayapie, Shorea kalunti; (4) White lauan, Pentacme contorta. It handles all questions of forest land status, including claims and registration, all forms of occupancy and use of public forest lands, the work pertaining to grazing, conservation and administration of game and other forms of wildlife. The imports consisted mainly of lumber and timber for special purposes. The species could be used for construction if they could be made more durable by treatment. Working Plans2. However, clear cutting is usually allowed on agricultural land and in potential agricultural areas. Tindalo keeps its shape remarkably well, and, like most members of the legume family, has a beautiful grain and is very durable. More than 3,000 species of trees attain a diameter of 30 centimeters (one foot) or more; however, less than sixty of these are marketed. Forests of this type, found on high and very rough mountainous regions, are essentially protection forests. Under subsequent laws all public land used for pasture has been placed under the jurisdiction of the Bureau of Forestry. The new Philippine reforestation tax is used to establish pine plantations after logging, such as this one on a Cebu Reforestation Project. The stand is composed mostly of about seven species of the Rhizophoraceae family. Top 10 Most Strongest Wood In The World Wood, as a material, may have its hardness quantified using the Janka rating; the enterprise standard score. ft.). During the war about 50 percent of the trained personnel of the organization served with the armed forces and many of them gave their lives for their country. ... Yakal-yamban Shorea falciferoides ssp. The mangroves are the principal sources of firewood, tanbark, cutch, dyewood, and charcoal. The Bureau of Forestry administers national parks as well as national forests. ft.) of logs (pine, aspen, redwood, camphor, and lignum vitae) from the United States, valued at P61,848; sawn lumber, 385 m3 (s) (163,000 bd. Branchlets are rather slender, blackish, and slightly hairy. Rehabilitation of these projects was a grave concern of the Government, which was straitened by loss of its source of funds, the prewar excise tax. The wood seasons slowly with a high risk of distortion and checking; once dry it is moderately stable in service. – We use Teak, Yakal, Merbau, Larch and several other durable species. This is due to the fact that kamagong is an endangered tree species and is protected by Philippine law. 4. cm. Recently, however, the legislature, realizing the urgency of forestation, passed a special tax law providing a reforestation fund, collectible from a small additional stumpage charge for every cubic meter of timber cut from public forest for commercial purpose. Forest Surveys and Maps3. DENSITY @ GREEN. Pasture Lands. 2.5 cm and 4 cm thick Bangkirai boards are kiln dried from 50% to 15% in respectively 6 and 9 days in a drying temperature of 43 degrees Centigrade to 71 degrees Centigrade and a relative humidity of 84% to 38%. This would provide enough for domestic reconstruction requirements and for exports. These two species of pine supply turpentine and rosin. It is tentatively figured that about 11,500,000 hectares will be kept as permanent forest area for forest protection, timber production, and other uses of forest lands. Yacal definition is - any of several hard heavy durable yellowish brown woods obtained from trees of the family Dipterocarpaceae chiefly in the Philippines. In 1933 the ranger course was abolished and replaced by a four-year collegiate course leading to a degree of Bachelor of Science in Forestry. It is most commonly used for house posts on account of its great durability and strength. There are 2 main types of wood for furniture and construction. Wood wool cement is a cheap and durable panel product for housing produced from mixed indigenous wood species and cement. Up to 1906, the Philippines had practically no export trade in lumber and timber. Very durable. The Dutch East Indies, China, Siam, India, and other countries have sent foresters to observe it in operation. Trellis. Excellent for: furniture, surface finishes, small weapons, and outdoor constructions. Yakal lumber is very much in demand by our builders. The answers should be meaningful and should be intended toward sharing information that the community will find helpful. Special Uses4. As of 30 June 1948 there were 207 sawmills with complementary power logging equipment and 135 sawmills without logging operations, or a total of 342 sawmills. All products of the forest other than timber constitute " minor forest products. " Principal Timber Species. In 1941, there were 1,471 pasture permits, covering 119,000 hectares. We only offer wood which is naturally durable from 15-30 years when used outdoors. The difference of P11,547,324 represents the capital invested by small licensees. The Division of Forest Management is in charge of the preparation of forest working plans for the management of public forests. It is also available from Malaysia under the name of yellow Balau. MDL is widely used in the cabinet industry and is durable, water-resistant and low maintenance. Land classification has been accelerated since. The gaps in the ranks of the Forest Service have not yet been filled and lack of personnel as well as inadequate funds for travel constitute considerable handicaps to the administration. The greater bulk of the forest is in large blocks on the principal islands such as Luzon, Mindanao, Samar, Negros, and Palawan. They had to be abandoned or were destroyed in the course of the war. Sixty proposed national parks are under study. Loss of equipment and data will require fresh starts on some of the important projects. Especially good for houses, as it withstands almost any climatic condition. Labor. This guide will explain the different uses of plywood, as well as popular plywood sheet sizes and its rating and grade system, so that you can choose the best plywood for your project. it is also called “iron wood” and is probably on of the top 10 hardest woods in the world. Bangkirai is the Indonesian name for Yakal. At the outbreak of hostilities in the Pacific in December 1941, there were 163 sawmills with a combined daily capacity of 3,996 m3 (s) (1,693,000 bd. Most of the forest is of the tropical rain type, complex in its composition. ft.) in 1940. High-Grade lumber, yakal can endure severe hot and cold weather conditions. Dry Weight: 46 lbs/ft3 (740 kg/m3) Durability: Durable. Akle is brownish in color and is an excellent wood for cabinet-making. A special assessment is provided on molave, camagon, Diospyros discolor, and ebony, D. ferrea, depending upon whether the log has sapwood or is purely heartwood. Only two are reported to have a capacity of as much as 59 m3 (s) (25,000 bd. A license is nonnegotiable and nontransferable. Wood species that have a natural resistance to decay, like redwood, cedar, ipe, shorea, and cypress, have a natural resistance to decay. It is a very strong wood, so it is also used to make support beams for the construction of buildings. Financial backing and "know-how" are two important needs. The red lauans include tangile, tiaong, Shorea teysmanniana, and true red lauan, which constitute the dark-red Philippine mahogany. In 1941, 520,000 m3 ® (114,900,000 bd.